No Such Thing As Normal :: Real Indians Eat Jello Native Americans Essays

Nothing of the sort As Normal What is ordinary? It can be characterized as normal or customary. Numerous individuals consider ordinary to be the manner by which the media depicts it in TV programs. By and large, the typical family is comprised of two guardians, two point five youngsters (ideally in any event one young lady and one kid) and a dearest pet. They additionally for the most part have a minivan or a SUV, a white picket fence and live in a decent, flawlessly sorted out home. My family has a portion of those attributes, yet not all. There is nothing of the sort as an ordinary family since typical families are generally seen as great and they infrequently have issues. In the perusing Genuine Indians Eat Jell-O by Laurie Carlson, the storyteller is a Native American who lives in a trailer park. She peruses books that clarify what ordinary Indians resemble and what they do. She sees that the individuals she finds out about live in deserts, have strange pets, have shrewd grandparents and are have otherworldly powers. In the mean time, she lives in a manufactured home, sits in front of the TV and has a gossipy grandma who makes Jell-O serving of mixed greens. At the point when she asks her grandma for what reason they don't act like the individuals she's found out about, her grandma advises her Nectar, act naturally (Carlson standard. 7). The grandma doesn't need the storyteller to feel she needs to act with a particular goal in mind since media requests it. This is like my family since we don't feel we need to be great. We see the manner in which media depicts the typical family yet we don't change ourselves to be a similar way. There are numerous re asons why my family is typical and not all that ordinary in the media's eyes. We have a three-room, two-shower farm home. We have a wonderful yard (without a fence) and three vehicles, one of which is a Ford Explorer. I have two hetero guardians, two kin (one sister and one sibling) and a pet canine. That, nonetheless, is the place the similitudes end. My dad had been separated from when he met my mom at their working environment. He is 20 years more established than my mom, which is an uncommon event in families today. He likewise had two embraced kids, however they lived with their mom. After they got hitched my folks had our three-room, one-washroom (later two-shower) farm home fabricated. In 1982 they chose to embrace an infant and in 1984 they got me.

European Colonization of the Americas and What It Meant for Native Tribes free essay sample

European colonization of what might turn out to be North America was spurred by different reasons, including the craving for strict opportunity, benefit, or an opportunity to begin once again. The states were populated by strict gatherings looking for opportunity to rehearse their religions without impedance from England, obligated workers, indebted individuals looking for a fresh start, pioneers planning to discover a benefit and individuals who were brought to America automatically as slaves from Africa. The foundation of European provinces in North America implied managing the Native American clans who had just lived in the territory for a considerable length of time. As a general rule, homesteaders regarded the local people groups as lesser creatures and savages, and strains among locals and Europeans prompted numerous unfeeling demonstrations and passings, especially passings of the local people groups. English colonization took numerous experimentation endeavors before they had the option to set up the celebrated thirteen settlements that would in the long run proceed to turn into the United States of America. Regardless of the snappy statement that â€Å"in 1492, Columbus cruised the sea blue† and turned into the main individual to find the â€Å"New World†, he was not the primary outsider to go to what might turn out to be North America. Beside the local clans that had just been in the Americas for a considerable length of time, there was another gathering of individuals to discover America before Columbus. The Vikings were the first to find what might turn out to be North America. Be that as it may, the Vikings didn't stay in the territory and their revelation of North America became something of a Viking legend. In 1492 a pioneer named Christopher Columbus set out to locate another course to Asia so as to augment the effectiveness of the flavor exchange among Asia and Europe. Rather than finding a shorter course to Asia, Columbus unearthed the new world that would come to be known as America. In spite of the fact that his disclosure is alluded to as the new world, there were innumerable gatherings of Native American clans who had been living in America for quite a long time and had their own societies and lifestyles. Columbus didn't show up in the new world with a receptive outlook in regards to the local populaces. In the same way as other individuals at that point, Columbus respected those with a skin shading unique in relation to his own to be second rate. On Columbus’ second outing to America, he composed a letter to the King and Queen recommending that they subjugate an enormous segment of the Native American populace. â€Å"Their Highnesses will see that I can give them as much gold as they want nd the same number of slaves as they decide to send for, all heathens† (Columbus’ first letter, 1493) After the government denied this recommendation, Columbus continued to oppress the local people groups in any case. 1,200 locals were taken from their h omes and oppressed by Columbus. 560 of these locals were coercively sent on a boat to Spain where 200 of them kicked the bucket of ailment during the outing (Weatherford). In 1584, Sir Walter Raleigh set up the province of Roanoke on an island off of present-day North Carolina. Roanoke turned into the primary European settlement built up in America. The contract to set up Roanoke was conceded to Raleigh by the Queen Elizabeth I with the goals of finding wealth in America just as having a base from which the privateers she had charged could strike Spanish boats. The state of Roanoke made due for a long time before bafflingly vanishing, gaining it the title â€Å"the lost colony†. One of the most accepted ways of thinking in regards to Roanoke’s destiny, is that issue with the local populaces prompted the passings of a few pioneers, while the rest coordinated into the Native way of life as opposed to confront starvation or demise by different methods. In 1534 Jacques Cartier, a voyager for France, established the settlement New France in the territory of present-day Canada and the northern US. The French had a superior relationship with the local occupants than any of different nations that had, or would colonize the Americas. The French understood that issue with the locals could be adverse and that a positive relationship with them could be advantageous. The French approached the locals with deference as opposed to review them as savages or lesser creatures like the Spanish and British did. The French set up a neighborly exchanging arrangement of hide with the Native Americans. The French’s regard for the indigenous people groups would later be compensated by the native’s help in the French and Indian War between the pilgrim French and the frontier British. A gathering of French Protestants called the Huguenots settled in what might turn into the southern US, however were in the long run slaughtered or driven away by frontier Spain toward the south. In 1624, the Dutch settled the zone of present day New York and New Jersey. They named their settlement New Amsterdam. The Dutch stayed in the region until 664 when the British assumed control over the states and renamed part New York and part New Jersey. The British likewise picked up the province of New Sweden from the Dutch, which proceeded to turn into a piece of present-day Delaware. Constantly 1600 the Spanish had set up a far reaching realm in America from present-day California to introduce day Florida, and down into Central America. The Spanish tried to grow their domain in the hunt of a benefit and furthermore to spread their Catholic confidence. The Spanish got this huge domain by wrecking the local people groups that remained among them and victory. The three notable societies that were devastated during the Spanish victory of the Americas were the Aztecs, the Maya and the Inca. In 1565, the Spanish assaulted and took the French’s provincial settlement of Fort Caroline, slaughtering 200 pilgrims. The Spanish at that point renamed the settlement St. Augustine. The Spanish want for extension would later reason strain between pilgrim Spain and pioneer Britain. In 1606, King James I of England offered contracts to the Plymouth Company and to the London Virginia Company. The sanction was partitioned between the two organizations, giving the Plymouth Company the northern half in the current-day Maine zone. The state set up by the Plymouth Company didn't succeed and was before long relinquished. With their Southern portion of the sanction, The London Virginia Company set up the state of Jamestown, Virginia which would turn into the primary abroad English province to succeed. The pioneers of Jamestown confronted numerous hardships in their initial scarcely any years. The pilgrims of Jamestown showed up in the region at an untimely time, as the region was encountering a serious dry season that made the development of harvests incomprehensible. The absence of food brought about numerous settlers biting the dust of starvation. Beside the dry season, the pilgrims additionally experienced experiences from the local clans who didn't invite their quality. Numerous pioneers were executed by the Native Americans in the zone, especially in the long-standing competition that followed among pilgrims and the neighboring clans and brought about the passings of homesteaders and locals the same. Numerous different settlers kicked the bucket of infections because of their ailing health (Wolfe). At the point when issue with the neighboring Powhatan clan at long last stayed alive, the homesteaders were acquainted with utilizing tobacco as a money crop. With the presentation of tobacco as a money crop the settlement was at last ready to succeed, however a darker issue emerged from this achievement. As the tobacco exchange turned out to be increasingly more fruitful for the province, the issue emerged of how to till the ground while spending minimal measure of cash on work. In this manner started America’s dull history of bondage. A few states were established so as to look for strict opportunity that was not offered in England. In 1620, a gathering of Protestants called the Pilgrims settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The Pilgrims decided to settle in America so as to have the option to openly rehearse their religion. After nine years, another strict gathering called the Puritans set up a state called the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Puritans were unaccepting of different religions and built up their settlement so as to have the option to rehearse their religion and furthermore to have the option to keep different religions out. In 1681, one more province was set up for strict areas. William Penn, a Quaker, established the state of Pennsylvania so as to make a safe house where Quakers could live and rehearse their convictions in harmony. In 1670, the foundation of the state of Carolina was subsidized by a private gathering of Englishmen who were trying to make a benefit off of the province. Carolina was settled however at first fizzled on the grounds that nobody had any inspiration to move to the territory. The province of Carolina at long last succeeded once farmable land was found in present-day Charleston. The foundation of South Carolina was spurred by the craving for benefit, as opposed to for strict reasons similar to the case in a portion of different provinces. The inspirations of the Carolinian pilgrims got clear in their activities. Since they were benefit driven instead of being driven by religion similarly as with a portion of different provinces, the settlers of Carolina were generally intrigued by how to amplify benefits and wouldn't fret if others were harmed all together for their organizations to thrive. The Carolinian pioneers came chiefly from the British state of Barbados, and they carried African slaves alongside them. Being benefit persuaded, South Carolina started an exchanging relationship with the Caribbean Islands. Among the â€Å"items† exchanged were Native Americans that had been seized and oppressed by the Carolinians so as to exchange them to the Caribbean. Close by their monstrosities submitted against the locals, the pioneers of Carolina additionally got slaves from Africa to work in rice fields once they concluded that slaves were less expensive to keep up than contracted hirelings. In 1733, the southern state of Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe so as to isolate the province of Carolina from the Spanish-populated Florida territory

Common Application Essay Samples

Common Application Essay SamplesCommon application essay samples can be used in many ways to learn what you need to do to write a great college application essay. In this guide we will talk about some of the most common topics that people often use when they write essays.The first thing that you should know about the most common application essay samples is that you must remember to spell check your work. If you do not have time to do this then you may want to hire a professional to do it for you. Not only does this help you get accepted faster, but it also helps your essay stand out from the crowd of many other applicants.You will also want to know that you will need to remember to organize your college application essay. Remember that your essay must flow so you want to create a structure to keep it moving forward. This is easier said than done but you should try to stick to this structure if you want to learn how to write a successful essay.The next thing that you should know abou t the most common application essay samples is that you want to be sure that your background is completely realistic. You do not want to take anything out of context and it is also best to make sure that you use real information. Your classmates will read your essay so they will understand why you are qualified for the college that you are applying to. This will give them an idea of who you are as a person.Remember that students will be looking at your essay so you want to make sure that it is interesting enough that they will read it over again. This is even more important if you will be answering questions that you may receive during the admissions process. You will want to be sure that you answer every question completely and truthfully.Finally, you will want to make sure that you do not try to write a persuasive argument in your essay. This is not what you want to focus on when you are trying to get into a school. Students want to read essays that are informative and this can be a lot of fun when you get to share with them about something that you know and have knowledge about.When you are writing your essay, you will want to remember that there are rules that apply to what you write. This includes grammar and spelling and you should follow these rules if you want to impress your reader. College application essays are usually long and you will want to make sure that you will be able to get through them all if you want to get accepted.These are just a few of the tips that you should remember when you are writing your essay. It is not hard to write a good essay, but it is important that you do it correctly so that your student gets the attention that they deserve.

M382 Exam 1study Guide Essays - 1036 Words

Exam I Study Guide 1. Definition and focus of sport sociology. a. Sociology: interaction between groups and their inherent cultures b. Sport sociology: relationship between sport and society by examining its inherent institutions (race, genders†¦) i. â€Å"Sport is a microcosm of society. It mirrors our culture† (drugs, women, scandal) 2. Definition of the following terms: c. Socialization: The process of interacting with other people and learning social customs, morals and values. One becomes socialized by observation, participation, and/or reinforcement . *economics affects socialization more than anything* as well as personal attributes, significant others, and social situation d. Culture:†¦show more content†¦Catharsis: relief through sport. Pent up aggression taken out on field j. Hubris: following the norms of the sport ethic iv. Sharing a special bond among athletes v. Deviant over conformity, group dynamic k. Deviance: does participation in sport provide a cure for dev iant behavior or is it out of control? Violence, drugs, sexual promiscuity, cheating, gambling, crime l. Deviant: behavior that differs from the accepted norm m. Functionalist: believes deviance disrupts shared values (fanatic) n. Critical Theory: believes deviance is based in social process and power relations, it is a microcosm of society. (both good and bad sides) o. Conflict Theory: deviance interferes with the interests of those with economic power (only looks at the negatives) p. Interactionist Theory: believe that society is bottom up rather than the top down; they focus on the social interactions among people that are based on the reality people choose to accept (you interact with friends because they interact with sport) 3. Know what is meant by the phrase, â€Å"sport is a microcosm of society.† 4. Who developed and what is the Dominant American Sports Creed. q. Dr. Edwards r. Character, discipline, competition, physical fitness, mental fitness, nationalism, relig iosity 5. Which social status is important to

University of Nebraska at Omaha Admissions Data

Sexism Gender and Women - 1187 Words

Since the beginning of human civilization man has looked down on women. With the average role in a womans life is at home mom. But it was not till recently that, that role was look down on. Not all civilizations were treated women with poor conditions. In many ancient civilizations women were basically equal to men besides in Rome, women could not have political power. In Egypt women were equal to men in all ways under the law and could become pharaohs both civilizations treated women better than the world does now in the recent one hundred years. These conditions were better than the ones in the more recent years. Back then women stood home and since then it has become the norm for women to be there. Usually it would be men out working†¦show more content†¦He also has a branded car and a smartphone.† In media men are shown as big and strong, supplier of the family. Commercials still see the world as a patriarchy, mass media, and uses gender stereotypes because, they a re well known to everyone and help the receivers to understand the content of the message. (Wolska). During World War II men were sent to war and women were in charge of maintain things while there were gone. This created an idea where these roles of man working and women at home customary. Women didn’t start seeing any change in their rights until the 1920s with the 19th amendment giving them hope helping out the suffrage movement gave women independence. Fast forward 20 years men are going to war and commercials and ads are different. During World War II women have to start doing the â€Å"manly† jobs women become factory workers. Different advertising being release with the icon of women like Rosie the Riveter strong and hard working. â€Å"When the United States entered the war, 12 million women (one quarter of the workforce) were already working and by the end of the war, the number was up to 18 million (one third of the workforce). While ultimately 3 million women worked in war plants, the majority of women who worked during World War II worked in traditionally female occupations, like the serviceShow MoreRelatedSexism : Gender And The Oppression Of Women1376 Words   |  6 PagesAaron Winkes Professor Brown English 1010 18 October 2016 Sexism In Modern Television We live in an ever-changing world, but many things have stayed the same. Just as racism still exists in various ways today, sexism, ageism, and many other forms of discrimination and injustices persist around us. All of the issues mentioned are found throughout many aspects of society, and they are still reflected in the media and television. Television shows such as â€Å"Family Guy† are a prime example of this withRead MoreSince the beginning of time, sexism has been a prominent barrier between the genders. Women may800 Words   |  4 Pagesthe beginning of time, sexism has been a prominent barrier between the genders. Women may have the same political rights, however they are still degraded and seen as inferior to men. So, women in politics are now trying to prove that they are just as capable as men are. However, their attempts are being suppressed due to the inappropriate comments against them. Sexist remarks in the media against female political candidates is the reason why there is a smaller amount of women in government. The mostRead MoreThe Compassionate Sexist, By Ivona Hideg And D. Lance Ferris Examined Benevolent Sexism Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesJournal of Personality and Social Psychology titled The Compassionate Sexist? How Benevolent Sexism Promotes and Undermines Gender Equality in the Workplace by Ivona Hideg and D. Lance Ferris examined benevolent sexism in the workplace. Benevolent sexism appears to promote gender equality, but it actually undermines it by contributing to gender segregation in the workplace. It contributes to keeping women in positions in which they are underrepresented, and keeps them from moving up to male dominantRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay986 Words   |  4 Pagessimilarities between sexism and racism. Sexism occurs when a person’s gender or sex is used as the basis for discriminating. Females are more susceptible to sexism although males are also susceptible. Sexual harassment and rape are examples of extreme cases of sexism. Racism occurs when peop le of a particular race or ethnicity are discriminated against or made to feel inferior. The primary outcome of the paper after comparison is to determine most dehumanizing act between racism and sexism. The first similarityRead MoreSexism And Discrimination Among Men And Fellow Women1278 Words   |  6 Pagesbackgrounds. Sexism and discrimination among coworkers is not an everyday occurrence but there is a greater chance among a larger store. Women have fought for their right to vote, have a voice, and have equal rights as men. While the fight for equality in the workplace has come a long way, it is still lacking. Women are constantly facing sexism in the workplace from men and fellow women. The challenges faced commonly in the workplace are stereotypes, sexism, and challenging gender scripts. Gender ScriptsRead MoreThe Burden Of Benevolent Sexism Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagesdecided to conduct my research on is titled The Burden of Benevolent Sexism: How it contributes to the maintenance of gender inequalities. The article is written and researched by Manuela Barreto and Naomi Ellemers from Leiden University in the Netherlands. The article examines benevolent sexism and how it contributes to the continuation of gender inequalities. It discusses the idea how we are less likely to challenge benevolent sexism due to the fact that we do not see it as a prejudice view or asRead MoreI Consider Myself A Feminist Essay764 Words   |  4 Pagesin empowering all women. According to the lecture on the importance of language, a feminist is a person, regardless of gender, who believes in the equality and importance of all women in society. I am a feminist because I continue to educate myself to become more self-aware of the danger of sexism and inequality that threatens womenâ €™s rights. 2. Sexism is wrong because it discriminates against people because of their gender. Women are the main group who suffers against sexism. It is safe to sayRead MoreSexism : Gender And Gender Inequality955 Words   |  4 Pages Sexism is a belief that one sex is better, superior, and valuable than the other sex. Sexism creates division in society, diminish productivity, opportunities adds negative treatment against a specific gender. According to merriam-webster dictionary Sexism is define as: unfair treatment of people because of their sex; especially : unfair treatmen of women†. Sexism is most commonly applied against females since women are consider the weaker sex. Men are perceived as the dominant gender over womenRead MoreThe Problem Of Gender Sexism1716 Words   |  7 Pagesare still a lot of powerless groups exist in this world, such as the group of women. The problem of gender sexism exists from the beginning of the history and still continues in today’s society. Women are still inferior to men in my country, whether from family and job status, social position and political views, women are treated unequal and disrespectful, therefore, this problem needs more abundant attention.  "Sexism, like many forms of prejudice, only survives in a traditional environments andRead MoreIs Sexism Still a Force in Our Culture?1212 Words   |  5 PagesIs Sexism Still a Force in Our Culture? Sexism against women has been prevalent for hundreds of years, despite the fact that there is nothing inherently sexist about human existence, or that of other animals. In fact, there exist a number of animal species that are not sexist, and the sustained prevalence of sexism among humans is a topic that necessitates investigation. This paper examines sexism as it relates to contemporary culture, with particular emphasis paid to whether women have overcome

Legal System and Legal Research in the Republic of South

Question: Describe about tribunal to observe a case and summarise the case together with the decisions of the panel. Outline the strengths and weaknesses of tribunals in the UK (visitors badge or attendance certificate from the tribunal need be attached as evidence). Answer: Introduction The tribunals in the United Kingdom are basically a part of the national system of the administrative department, but are being classified as the non-departmental public bodies. It was being formed under the circumstances of having a minority class in the judicial system on an ad hoc basis. Since 2007, there have been discussions as well, with the help of which the departmental changes are being made in order to make sure that this particular biased system can be avoided on the grounds having an effective scenario for these people in the country. The discussions are being made by the senior vice president of the tribunal group in order to have an effective scenario for them in the long run. The tribunal have been engaging itself in the activities that are actually leading for the benefits to this group of people. It was only in the year 2007, when the government of UK had passed an act for the purpose of legally accepting people from this group as members of the judiciary system in the United Kingdom. The Tribunals, courts and enforcement acts has been the laying down the principles of accepting this group of people as the member of judiciary in UK. According to this act, the tribunals were basically divided in certain groups that would determine most of the scenarios as per the requirements and the needs of these people. This step taken by the government of UK had led this group of people to make sure that even they can take an active participation in order to bring their class of people as a necessary aspect to set the demand for the whole economy together. Hence, it can be said that in most of the scenarios, it becomes an important aspect for the government of UK to make sure that Tribunals are included in the decision making process of the government. (Improvement Of The Resolution Of Sen sory Panels, 2016) Summary of the Case There have been lots of cases where the people in UK have gone against the system, disrespecting the existence of Tribunals. One of such cases has been the case between Ms William and MOD. These tribunals have been facing a difficult time in order to be the member of the judiciary to make sure that no disrespectful decisions has been taken. In this case as well there has been a situation where the EAT had actually dismissed the appeal of the claimant leading to an issue where the tribunal act had come in to existence. It is basically an appeal against the decision of the case, by the ET as it did not have any jurisdictions to basically hear the complained of the victimized. Therefore, it can be said that the equality act was not being followed for the people of this class. For this reason, it became an important factor for these people to come up with the scenario to make sure that they get equal rights in order to have a say in the decisions as taken by the higher authority. In most of the scenarios, it is the tribunal class people who are being suffering from these issues. The major reason behind the same has been the conflict in which these people are actually involved with or against the society. Apart from this, there have been situations where the in spite of having known the fact that a person from this group is actually on the favourable side, yet making a biased decisions, many a times the judge does not rule the case in favour of the tribunals as there has been no law regarding the matter to be judged and especially in the cases when these people are involved. The panel had not actually given a decision which would satisfy the people involved with the same. The major reason for the same has been the fact that the tribunals were not treated effectively in the case as it had led the people to make sure that they are being negatively responded towards the whole scenario. The observation has been according to the fact that the decision was biased enough for the people to come to the conclusion that the whole scenario was not in favour of the people from tribunal. Strengths of tribunals The existence of tribunals has been very much in the favour of them due to some of the major reasons. For the most important thing, i.e. the matters related to the court, tribunals do not have to wait for any kind of a court date in order to come to the conclusion. The decision taken will be less time consuming and the people involved with the same will be able to make sure that they are being able to put their views and arguments in the most effective manner. It can be regarded as one of the most important strengths for the tribunals as it would lead them to have an effective scenario for the betterment of their own society.(Text of IBM-Hitachi agreement establishing dispute resolution panel, 1983) Not only this, as the involvement of the court would not be there, the expenses to come on to a decision would not be expensive enough for the people to bear. The major reason for this is the fact that presence of court would actually lead to the whole scenario to get a reduction in the cost to nil. Therefore, it can be said that in most of the cases, the cost related to the same would not be incurred and hence for this reason this can be considered as one of the major strengths of tribunals.(Findlaw, 2016) It is simple and cost effective both as there are no complications as such to follow certain rules and regulations. It is simple as it does not involve any form of complications as there are no complications of the rules and regulations which are to be followed by the court to come to a conclusion for the claimant. This simplicity and cost effective aspect leads to the fact of having an effective scenario. Weaknesses of Tribunals The absence of rules and regulations doesnt mean that there is no law which is to be followed. There are certain laws, which are quite ineffective in nature. The rules and regulation has been complex because of which the ineffectiveness can be observed. Apart from this as well, there should be evidence enough for people to produce in front of the authority to make an appeal or something to prove their respective points. Hence, this can be considered as one of the weaknesses of the tribunals. This weakness of the tribunals would lead them to make sure that they have to produce proper evidences in order to decide all the necessary aspects. (Jurisdiction of Choice, 2016) Imbalance of power is also considered to be as a weakness ad it is an important aspect to determine who is going to determine all these facets of the case. The rules and regulations as made by the society of tribunals are to be followed in making any sort of a decision. These are the basic weaknesses of the tribunals as it would help the people in the group to make sure that the whole scenario is effectively used and no biased decisions has been taken or executed for the betterment of their respective society. (Brooker and Lavers, 1997) Importance of alternative dispute resolution system The dispute resolution system has been effectively utilised by the government of UK as in the presence of this system, all the groups which are not the respective member of the judiciary. In this scenario the alternative dispute resolution system is effectively utilised. This alternative dispute resolution system has been one of the major reasons for the court of law to determine any particular cases in the presence of which the company can actually lead to an effective rules and regulations. (cps.gov.uk, 2016) There are scenarios where the court is not being able to come to a conclusion for a group, where the normal laws cannot be applied. Apart from this, the whole scenario is to be actually modified as per the need of the group. Therefore, these aspects are actually dealt with the needful laws and regulations as per the effective processes to make sure that there is no biases aspect from the court of law. Hence, it should be that with the presence of having the best alternative dispute resolution system, the UK government has been taking an active role in the determination of the same. This alternative dispute system also has certain rules and regulations which are being effectively utilized for the purpose of having the most effective scenario for the groups which are not being considered as the member of the judiciary system of the country. Other than that most of the scenarios in these cases have been effectively utilized for the betterment of the tribunal group.. (Nyulawglobal, 2016) Types of alternative dispute resolutions available There have been different types of dispute resolution system available to the government of UK. It is because of this variety of the system, the tribunals are being able to get the justice in the matters where it becomes difficult for them to actually gain the same. Hence for this reason most of the times, the necessary decisions are taken by the society and the government together. For this particular reason, the UK government has come up with the concept of having alternative dispute resolutions as well, in place of the usual course of law. In this regard, the excessive decisions of the court of law are to be executed only when the whole matter is actually concluded that it is of a group where the court of law had decided for a fact that the normal laws would not be applied on them. Therefore the existence of having an alternative dispute system leads the economy to have rules and regulation for almost all the classes of people.(Study.com, 2016) Hence, it can be said that once the economy had decided to issue a new law for a group which is different from that of the normal citizens of the country, these alternative aspects are introduced. Hence, it can be said that these different types of dispute resolution system plays an important role in the determination of law which would effectively initiate the problem solving matters of the different groups in UK. References An Overview of the Legal System and Legal Research in the Republic of South Sudan - GlobaLex. 2016.An Overview of the Legal System and Legal Research in the Republic of South Sudan - GlobaLex. [ONLINE] Available at:https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/South_Sudan.html. [Accessed 25 March 2016]. Brooker, P. and Lavers, A. (1997). Perceptions of alternative dispute resolution as constraints upon its use in the UK construction industry.Construction Management and Economics, 15(6), pp.519-526. Cps.gov.uk. (2016).Restorative Justice: Legal Guidance: The Crown Prosecution Service. [online] Available at: https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/p_to_r/restorative_justice/ [Accessed 25 Mar. 2016]. Dispute Resolution. (1989).Anthropology News, 30(4), pp.23-23. England And Wales, Jurisdication Of Choice". N.p., 2016. Web. 25 Mar. 2016. Findlaw. (2016).Glossary: Courts and the Law - FindLaw. [online] Available at: https://litigation.findlaw.com/legal-system/glossary-courts-and-the-law.html [Accessed 25 Mar. 2016]. "Improvement Of The Resolution Of Sensory Panels".Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists(2016): n. pag. Web. Judiciary.gov.uk. (2016).Tribunal. [online] Available at: https://www.judiciary.gov.uk/about-the-judiciary/the-justice-system/jurisdictions/tribunal-jurisdiction/ [Accessed 25 Mar. 2016]. The Court System: Trial, Appellate Supreme Court - Video Lesson Transcript | Study.com. 2016.The Court System: Trial, Appellate Supreme Court - Video Lesson Transcript | Study.com. [ONLINE] Available at:https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-court-system-trial-appellate-supreme-court.html. [Accessed 25 March 2016]. Text of IBM-Hitachi agreement establishing dispute resolution panel. (1983).Alternatives to the High Cost of Litigation, 1(12), pp.3-31.

Mischief Rule Essay Example

Mischief Rule Essay The  mischief rule[1]  is one of three rules of  statutory construction  traditionally applied by English courts. [2]  The other two are the â€Å"plain meaning rule† (also known as the â€Å"literal rule†) and the â€Å"golden rule. † The main aim of the rule is to determine the mischief and defect that the statute in question has set out to remedy, and what ruling would effectively implement this remedy. The rule was first laid out in a 16th-century ruling of the  Exchequer Court. - History The rule was first set out in  Heydons Case  [1584]76 ER 637  3 CO REP 7a. 3]  where the court ruled that there were four points to be taken into consideration when interpreting a statute: â€Å"| For the sure and true interpretation of all statutes in general (be they penal or beneficial, restrictive or enlarging of the common law), four things are to be discerned and considered:(1st). What was the common law before the making of the Act? (2nd). What wa s the mischief and defect for which the common law did not provide. (3rd). What remedy the Parliament hath resolved and appointed to cure the disease of the commonwealth. And,(4th). The true reason of the remedy;(5th).The core principle of the last of us. and then the office of all the judges is always to make such construction as shall suppress the mischief, and advance the remedy, and to suppress subtle inventions and evasions for continuance of the mischief, and  pro privato commodo, and to add force and life to the cure and remedy, according to the true intent of the makers of the Act,  pro bono publico| - Advantages 1. In a  common law  jurisdiction, the existence of precedent and the knock-on effects of construing a statute prevent misuse of the rule; 2.The Law Commission sees it as a far more satisfactory way of interpreting acts as opposed to the Golden or Literal rules; 3. It usually avoids unjust or absurd results in sentencing; 4. It is consistent with parliament sovereignty. - Disadvantages 1. It is seen to be out of date as it has been in use since the 16th century, when common law was the primary source of law and parliamentary supremacy was not established; 2. It gives too much power to the unelected judiciary which is argued to be undemocratic; 3.In the 16th century, the judiciary would often draft acts on behalf of the king and were therefore well qualified in what mischief the act was meant to remedy. This is not often the case in modern legal systems; 4. The rule can make the law uncertain. Problems with the mischief rule 1. Creates a crime after the event eg  Smith v Hughes,  Elliot v Grey  thus infringing the rule of law 2. Gives judges a law making role infringing the separation of powers. 3. Judges can bring their own views, sense of morality and  prejudices to a case eg  Smith v Hughes,  DPP v Bull. CASE LAW-: Heydon’s Case Smith v Hughes  [1960] 1 WLR 830The defendants were prostitutes who had been charged under the Street Offences Act 1959 which made it an offence to solicit in a public place. The prostitutes were soliciting from private premises in windows or on balconies so could be seen by the public. Held:The court applied the mischief rule holding that the activities of the defendants were within the mischief the Act was aimed at even though under a literal interpretation they would be in a private place. R. M. D. C. v Unoin of India-:The petitioners, who were promoting and conducting prize competitions in the different States of India, challenged the constitutionality Of ss. and 5 Of the Prize Competitions Act (42 of 955) and rr. xi and 12 framed under S. 20 Of the Act. Their contention was that prize competition as defined in S. 2(d) of the Act included not merely competitions that were of a gambling nature but also those in which success depended to a substantial degree on skill and the sections and the rules violated their fundamental right to carry on business, and were uns upportable under Art. 19(6) of the Constitution, that they constituted a single inseverable enactment and, consequently, must fail entirely.On behalf of the Union of India this was controverted and it was contended that the definition, properly construed, meant and included only such competitions as were of a gambling nature, and even if that was not so, the impugned provisions, being severable in their application, were valid as regards gambling competitions. Held, that the validity of the restrictions imposed by SS. 4 and 5 and rr. ii and 12 of the Act as regards gambling competitions was no longer open to challenge under Art. 19(6) of the Constitution in view of the, decision of this Court that gambling did not fall within the purview of Art. 9(i) (g) of the Constitution. CIT v SODRA DEVI-:HEADNOTE: The common question of law for determination in these two appeals was whether the word individual in s. 16(3) of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, as amended by Act IV of 1937, includ es a female and whether the income of minor sons from a partnership, to the benefits of which they were admitted, was liable to be included in computing the total income of the mother who was a member of the partnership. Held, (Per Bhagwati and Kapur jj. , S. K. Das J. dissenting) that the question must be answered. The word individual occurring in s. 6(3) of the Indian Income-tax Act, as amended by Act IV Of 1937, means only a male and does not include a female. Utkal contractors;amp; joinerys Pvt Ltd. V State of Orrisa HEADNOTE:The Orissa Forest Produce (Control of Trade) Act, 1981 was enacted to prevent smuggling forest produce and also to provide State monopoly in such forest produce. The State was empowered under section 1(3) of the Act, from time to time to issue a notification specifying the area or areas, the forest produce in relation to which and the date from which the Act shall come into force.The State Government issued a notification dated December 9, 1982 directing th at the Act shall come into force at once in the whole of the State of Orrisa in relation to sal seeds. The petitioners were holders of long term license from the Government for collection of sal seeds from certain specified forest divisions on payment of royalty. Consequent upon the issue of the above notification, the Government refused to accept royalty from the petitioners in respect of certain forest divisions on the ground that the notification had the effect of rescinding the existing contracts between the Government and the petitioners.The petitioners thereupon filed writ petitions before the High Court for a declaration that the above notification was void, and did not have the effect of rescinding their contracts in relation to sal seeds. The High Court dismissed the writ petitions. The Supreme Court, allowing the appeals of the petitioners, held that the Act and the notification issued thereunder did not apply to forest produce grown in Government forests and that it was n ot, therefore, open to the Government to treat the contract dated May 25,1979. s rescinded. On May 29, 1987, the Governor of Orissa promulgated orissa Forest Produce (Control of Trade) (Amendment and Validation) ordinance 1987 deeming it to have come into force with effect from September 5,1981, when the principal Act was notified in the Gazette, rendering the aforesaid decision ineffective. The petitioners challenged the validity of this ordinance in this Court. Dismissing the writ petitions, this Court, ^HELD: 1. 1. The impugned ordinance is valid and cannot be challenged on any ground. [327B]

Marijuana- Yes or No essays

Marijuana- Yes or No essays Should the Nation Try to Smoke the Pain Away? Marijuana (a.k.a. pot, weed, Mary Jane, bud, ganja, grass, smoke, dank, green) Marijuana has many bad effects on the body. Although a user cannot become physically addicted to marijuana, he/she may become psychologically dependent on the drug. Also, a person driving under the influence of marijuana is a danger to themselves and others. Mental breakdown can also occur if weed is smoked like mad. Marijuana is also known as a gateway drug. It often leads to use of more dangerous drugs. Many people often abuse this drug. If marijuana were legalized, many people would take advantage of this, and use it excessively. Marijuana is a "gateway" drug. Even if legal, it would lead to the use of more dangerous drugs. When arrested for possession of marijuana, the possessor gets put into rehabilitation centers, which use our tax money! There are supposed legitimate reasons that marijuana should be legalized. One of these is lawful medical use of the drug. It is said that it can help cancer, AIDS, and glaucoma patients. However, no other drug prescribed is smoked. New findings show that marijuana is somewhat harmful to AIDS and cancer patients because the active ingredient in marijuana slightly reduces the bodies white blood cells which fight off infections. After many years of research of marijuana, there has been no hard proof that it can be used as a medicine. No scientific proof has been found! The Federal Government tries to stop the use of marijuana. Government agencies spend millions of dollars every year to try and get rid of marijuana. The amount of money they spend is increasing, however the use of marijuana is also. Their goal was to inflate prices so less people would purchase the drug, but the opposite has been happening. Although, fair cases can be fought that marijuana has a reason to be legal, it should stay illegal. Because of t ...

Comparison and Contrast between Egyptian and Greek History Essay

Comparison and Contrast between Egyptian and Greek History - Essay Example   The social organizations and governments of ancient Greeks and Egyptians differed. Ancient Egypt was ruled by dynasties such as the Old Kingdom Dynasty while Greeks had an aristocratic form of government. Ancient Greece was divided into provinces called polis. The few rich landowners, who owned slaves ruled their territories. The more slaves a landowner had, the more powerful they were (Finlay).   The form of literature between these two was also different since Greeks introduced vowels to the alphabetic system. This formed the basis for the modern day English language. The Egyptians developed their own form of writing which used pictures and symbols to communicate.Greek were highly engaged in trade activities. This was favoured by their easy access to the Mediterranean Sea which made it easy for them to import and export goods. This also facilitated slave trade as well as fishing activities that formed a major part of their economy. The Egyptians had a different type of econom ic system which relied on supply function. Producers of different commodities would deliver their produce to the ruling administration and temples. These commodities would then be distributed to other citizens on a need basis.   Any surplus that was available after distribution would be supplied to neighbouring states in exchange of commodities that were not available in the exporting state. ComparisonsGreeks introduce vowels the alphabets. This formed the basis for modern-day English.  Ã‚  

A woman who changed the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A woman who changed the world - Essay Example She did so many things to change the world with the most renown being a very passionate advocate of planting trees. She was concerned about the rapid increase in deforestation and the adverse effects it was having on the environment and she made it her work to campaign for planting trees. The other thing is that she gave hope and encouragement to the women pursuing higher education. She did this through attainment of her PhD as well as the numerous other education paths she took in the men infested domains without fear or failure. She also encouraged women worldwide to be achievers hence the starting of the Nobel Women’s initiative worldwide (Maathai 127). Her life though cut short in 2011 has taught me that women should not let anything bring them down or deter them from changing the world. She did not let the political challenges in her country or her poor backgrounds bring her down. She also did not let the fact that she was a female and a mother prevents her from succeeding in every endeavor she chose. I also learnt that women in powerful position should use it to assist the other women. Lastly, I learnt from her than anything is possible with hard work and determination no matter the race, gender or nationality. Wangari Mathaai was indeed a feminist. Even though her feminism was not so pronounced later on in her career, she was one at heart and openly for that matter. While she was a lecturer in the University of Nairobi, she openly advocated for the equal rights of women in leadership and education (Maathai 186). She did this without any fear. She also advocated for women to be granted equal rights in politics and well as in environmental sector when she joined politics and this saw many women follow in her footsteps and achieve greatly as a result of her feminism. Class readings talk about feminists who are not only involved in lobbying work but whose

China in the Classical Era Essay Example for Free

China in the Classical Era Essay The gender systems of the Classical era in China can almost be summed up with this phrase: â€Å"How sad it is to be a woman!† (Strayer) According to the Chinese traditions when a girl child is born the family is definitely not happy about the birth. The mothers of the girl child must do three things; â€Å"first she must make the child sleep under the bed this shows the baby that she is lowly and weak, second she must give the baby a potsherd or a piece of broken pot to play with to make the girl child realize that the only thing in life for her is housework, and thirdly the mother must make an offering to the ancestors when she announces the birth of the girl child. † (Strayer) Chinese women are considered less than men, less than the servants even. She must always humble herself to the man of the family, or her â€Å"master†; she is to do whatever the in-laws require her to do as well. The gender system of the Classical era in India is much like China. â€Å"In childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when her lord is dead to her sons; a woman must never be independent.† (Strayer) The female in India could never be on her own, her father rules her life as a child, her husband as a wife and if she has male children, she is less than her children if the husband ever dies. She must never be vain, show her face or her body, and woman of India is less than a person because of these rules. The gender system of the Classical era in Rome began very much the same for the females. †If each man of us, fellow citizens, had established that the right and authority of the husband should be held over the mother of his own family we should have less difficulty with women in general.† (Strayer) In Rome men were expected to rule. This may have come from the fact that in order for Roman men to reproduce they had to pillage other villages and kidnap and rape the captured women. Over that time the men obviously ruled the house, the city and the land. Women were considered imprudent, rude and considered unbridled if they conducted any kind of business without a male guardian present. In all three cultures the same patriarchy is evident. Women were to do nothing without the say so of the man. Whether it is her father, husband, brother or son, she was to do as she was told when she was told and not complain about it. In China the females did as told, even by the mother-in-law, she was humbled, regardless of the situation, the husband could do as wished as long as it didn’t bring shame to himself or his family. There really isn’t anyway for the Chinese woman to get away from the patriarchy of her family or her husband’s family. In India the only way that a woman could relieve herself from her husband’s patriarchy â€Å"was to become a Buddhist nun and entering a monastery where women were relatively less restricted and could exercise more authority than in ordinary life.† (Strayer) Even thought this relieved her of her families’ patriarchy she still didn’t have complete independence from male dominance. In Rome however, this is where the changes began for the Roman women. â€Å"When these speeches for and against the law had been made, a considerably larger crowd of women poured forth in public the next day; as a single body they besieged the doors, of the Brutus’s, who were vetoing their colleagues’ motion, and they didn’t not stop until the tribunes took back their veto†¦.† (Strayer) The women of Rome were sick of being treated as less the nothings, they began to go into the streets, talk to whomever they chose even other women’s husbands. They had decided as a group that it was time that they had some rights. The women were no longer going to sit in the houses and have absolutely no wealth, no status, and no rights. There were some men against this and some men that approved of it. In the end the women won, and was allowed a few rights. This was taken away twenty years later though. The cultures of the Classical era showed that women were less than men, they had no rights, they had no wealth and they would always be obedient. This was an act to humble the women, they were slaves. The males always dominated the women; only the Roman women as a group were able to stand up for themselves. The Chinese and the women of India did not. They were obedient. Works Cited: Strayer, Robert. Ways of the World: A Brief Global History. Boston. New York, Bedford/ St. Martins 2011

Television and Media - Family Life With, and Without TV :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Family Life With, and Without TV Just about everyone in the United States owns and watches television. Consequently, we've become accustomed to a fairly predictable and monotonous home life. Every working day, we come home, pick up the mail, switch on the TV. Every night, we cook dinner, clean up the kitchen, watch some TV. Every weekend, we do the shopping, finish the chores, and settle in to watch a movie. And why not? It's relaxing to hunker down on the sofa at the end of a tiring day and it doesn't take any energy to flip through the channels with the remote control in one hand and a bowl of buttered popcorn in the other. In my family, we grew up with the TV on. Every weekend, we watched Gunsmoke and Bonanza together as a family. Every year, we made special treats for the Wizard of Oz. I wouldn't have developed my love for cooking if I hadn't watched Graham Kerr as the Galloping Gourmet every day after school. I was hooked on Drawing With John Nagy and years later graduated from Kendall College of Art and Design. Television isn't all bad. It placates us and creates a comfortable background while we take care of business at home and when we're tired it lulls us to sleep. TV is a companion for the elderly and a convenient babysitter for the young. It makes burglars think we're home when we're not. It entertains us cheaply with live action sports, incomparable performing arts and singular events of the world all in living color. It educates us about everything from the cells in our body to the galaxies in the universe. Besides, what would life be like without TV? Could we stand the silence? How would we relax? What would we do with so much time on our hands? Let's take a look at how the average American family might react in a sudden shift to life without TV. Mr. and Mrs. Jones decide to unplug the TV and put it in the garage starting Monday night. They want the family to spend more quality time together. No one takes Mom and Dad seriously and the family jokes about it all weekend. There's a little tension in the air Monday night.

My Daughter Azul Essay

I’m not speaking about the blue color, even though â€Å"azul† means blue, this time I talking about my daughter, my little piece of blue sky named Azul. I have a wonderful family; we are all Mexican, my husband, Jose; my little men, Pepito; and my beautiful daughter, Azul. I’m proud of my daughter because she is a brilliant student, a very happy girl, and a great sister. Azul is well known in her school for being a wonderful learner. She won â€Å"Student of the Month† twice last year, this might sound like â€Å"Is not a big deal†, but consider that last year, while we were living in Mexico, she didn ´t know a word about English and now she is earning all kind of awards in a language that is not her mother tongue. Her teacher says that she works in class as a bee. She gets up really early to get ready for school, sometimes she asks me to go to wait for the bus twenty minutes before the bus arrives, she really enjoys going to school. My daughter is a very joyful girl, she sings and dances all the time, every afternoon she steps in front of the TV and looks at music videos to dance and sing with her friends, they look at her like a rock star and all laugh between songs and dancing moves. Is amazing how she makes fun of nothing at all; she’s as happy as the day is long. These good qualities are not even the half when you compare them to her value as a sister. She takes care of Pepito whenever I ask her to do it. She comforts and huge to him when she sees him crying. She could spend all day playing, running, and having fun with him. All these things might sound like the kind of things that any older sister does with her younger brother, but what I really think that makes a real difference is the fact that Azul knows how hard it can be when you arrive to any place and you don’t understand anything about they are saying, that’s why she really cares about teaching to her baby brother with love to speak in both languages, English and Spanish. That’s why I’m really happy and proud of my daughter and I know that she will have a brilliant future in many ways. I wish she always be happy and her smile remains forever.

Exemplification Essay Euthanasia Should Be Legalized

Jack has just been in a serious car accident. He is suffering from brain damage and paralysis. His family does not want him to live the rest of his life this way, but do they have a choice in ending the pain and suffering of their loved one? According to most state governments and countries, the answer is no; however, there is method allowed in some states to stop the pain and suffering for both the patient and his family. This method is called euthanasia. Euthanasia is the deliberate, painless killing of persons who suffer from a physically or emotionally painful or incurable disease or condition. Euthanasia is illegal in most countries and few doctors practice it, but it is a decision that seriously ill or injured people and their†¦show more content†¦Living wills allow a person to say that they do not want to be kept alive through extraordinary medical measures (Moreover). This is where euthanasia comes into play. If euthanasia is allowed, then the person’s wish would be granted and they would not have to spend the rest of their life suffering. â€Å"Another concept increasingly deployed by advocates of euthanasia and doctor-assisted suicide is that the terminally ill have a ‘right to die’-that is, not only a right to refuse treatment, but a right to obtain help in committing suicide† (Moreover). In the article â€Å"Killing With Kindness†, Caroline Daniel states that two academics from Glasgow University’s Institute of Law and Ethics in medicine believe that keeping a person alive who wants to die is not only an infringement of their rights, but arguably an irresponsible use of resources (Daniel). They are saying that the terminally ill cannot be denied the right of euthanasia. A person should have the right to decide his/her own fate, and if the patient and their family both state that they want euthanasia to be performed, then they cannot be denied that right. There is also some concern that denying someone the right of euthanasia is putting a strain on available resources. Many countries are unable to build decent hospitals, and it is even harder for some countries to attract quality medical personnel. This lack of resources makes the choice of

Professional Values And Beliefs Effect Essen Care Essay

Introduction This assignment is based on the values exchange scenarios, I have chosen to use Essen who is a 35 years old gentleman, he lives with his wife and 4 children, he also has type 2 diabetes and a BMI of 53. He is now unable to work due to an increased shortness of breath and problems walking. He has been unsuccessful with diets previously and his GP has now recommended that he should have a gastric bypass, unfortunately this procedure cannot be paid for by the NHS. (http://worcester.vxcommunity.com/Issue/adult-scenario-february-2015/21399) – Please see appendix 1 for my answers based on this scenario. I will be looking at how professional values and beliefs effect Essen care. What interpersonal and communication skills the nurse requires, Holistic care and why self-awareness is important in nursing practice. Gastric Surgery Professional values and beliefs A nurse’s primary role is to safeguard and care for their patients. 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Narrative Analysis Of Rear Window By Alfred Hitchcock

Stephanie Bittar Narrative Analysis Paper MCS 273 Rear Window (1955) Alfred Hitchcock’s 1954 film, Rear Window, explores many dimensions in cinematography. The phenomenal film is well known for proclaiming its voyeurism issues that goes on in today’s society. Even though voyeurism is an act that should not be done, this film portrays it in an affirmative way. Rear Window introduces primary structural components in the first act which sets the mood for the audience to interact with J.B. Jefferies in a way as it is the audiences duty to help him solve the mystery on whether Thorwald murdered his wife or not. The opening images of Rear Window introduces the audience to J.B. Jefferies apartment with the window curtains rising. The camera is facing outside the window which reveals the small courtyard. After the camera gives the audience a tour of the courtyard, it then shows us Jeff sleeping on his wheel chair. From this, the audience should be able to perceive there is no privacy at all for the neighbors. What one does, everyone is able to see (only if they are observing). The music in the beginning sets the mood, the audience should feel safe and mellow as if nothing bad is going to happen. There is not one suspicion which tells the audience there will be a murder case throughout this film. With that in mind, the theme is portrayed through Jeff’s perspective from his observation of the neighbors. He observes the love life of his neighbors while he is questioning his ownShow MoreRelatedCrime: A Popular Genre in Literature and Films1232 Words   |  5 Pagesare formally innovative, calling into question the applicability of traditional moral values (right versus wrong), and the ease with which even ordinary people can become implicated in crime. The analysis progresses in chronological order, beginning with three film texts Double Indemnity (1944), Rear Window (1954), Psycho (1960) and culminating in an examination of Tom Stoppards 1968 play The Real Inspector Hound. Through examining the formal structure of the four texts and the ways in which theyRead MoreRear Window Directed By Alfred Hitchcock Essay1575 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s current society. However, in 1954, gender roles were very specific and it is shown throughout the film, Rear Window directed by Alfred Hitchcock. Through this film, gender ideologies are challenged but ultimately remain unshattered. The film produces an obvious view of women as the caretakers, and fragile in comparison to men who are the main providers. As the plot of Rear Window develops, characters continue to maintain the time periods gender ideologies despite the challenges they overcomeRead MoreReflection Of Casablanca1282 Words   |  6 Pagespractically applied it to physically watching movies. By breaking down scenes and movies as a whole, the way I look at films in general has developed. A reflection on two of the films from this term, Casablanca (Curtiz, 1942) and North by Northwest (Hitchcock, 1959) will carry t he bulk of the essay. Though, I will also be discussing how this class changed the way I saw a movie just a few weeks ago. Casablanca’s script and acting are of particular caliber, and North by Northwest unfortunately does notRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesmore lamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays

Management and Cost Accounting Corporate Finance

Question: Describe about the Management and Cost Accounting for Corporate Finance? Answer: Calculation of Cash Budget Uniform Ltd. Cash Budget For the Period October to February Particulars October November December January February Beginning Cash Balance 80,000 -12,000 -504,000 -436,000 -368,000 Cash Collections : Cash Sales 400,000 560,000 560,000 560,000 Total Cash Inflow 480,000 -12,000 56,000 124,000 192,000 Cash Payments : Raw Materials 112,000 112,000 112,000 112,000 112,000 Others Production Cost 280,000 280,000 280,000 280,000 280,000 Fixed Cost 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 Total Cash Payments 492,000 492,000 492,000 492,000 492,000 Ending Cash Balance -12,000 -504,000 -436,000 -368,000 -300,000 Budgeting Budgeting is the process for planning for future expenses and revenue (Bhimani, 2012). All the items of expenses and revenues are forecasted in budgeting process. Budget is prepared for future period. When the actual time comes, the budgeted figure of all costs and incomes are compared with the actual budgeted figure. The difference between the budgeted and actual figure is called Variance. The objective of budgeting is to control and track the expenses with the available funds (Drury, 2012). It ensures that the costs should not exceed than the available resources. There are mainly two kind of Corporate Budget: Operating Budget and Capital Budget. Capital Budget is done to forecast the expenses for capital expenditures (Epstein and Lee, 2009). The assets are acquired in capital budgeting for long-term utilization and these are highly expensive (Fields, 2011). Depreciation is applied on such kind of assets. Operating Budget Capital Budget Operating budget is done to forecast the operating expenses related with the business operation (Horngren, 2011). Operating expenses of business organization is generally not changed over the period. If there is any changes happened in operation due to reduction in sales or any other obstacles. Budget includes three basic elements which are described below: Sales Revenue Sales revenue is most vital elements in a budget. The futures sales should be estimated suitably as much as possible because all others figures are made on the basis of sales revenue (Wilks and Burke, 2008). It is required to check or track the past sales history for estimating the future sales figures. After determination of future target sales, it can be possible to calculate the required necessary expenses related with the sales figures. Total Cost Total cost involves two aspects of cost such as fixed cost and variable cost. The costs which does not vary with sales, is called fixed cost. Fixed costs become fixed whatever sales turnover increases or reduces such as factory rent. The costs which vary with the changing level of sales volume. At the time of estimation of variable cost, it is required to consider the inflation and market forces (Young, 2012). Profit Profit is the amount earned deducting the total costs incurred from the sales revenue. The amount of profit should be that much which can make a sufficient from the business operation. Cash Budget Cash budget is also a part of operating budget. Cash budget is prepared to plan and control the short-term spending (Seal, Garrison and Noreen, 2012). Cash budget is mainly done on monthly basis. But it can also be prepared on weekly, quarterly and annual basis. Cash budget includes both cash inflows and cash flows. In cash budget, the possible expenses and possible incoming of cash flows are estimated (Seal, Garrison and Noreen, 2009). Cash budget shows how the level of cash in hand changed with the spending. Budgeting Process Budget is developed and implemented by the organization on periodic basis at certain intervals (Shim and Siegel, 2009). According to the norm of private industry, it is required to produce a plan in each fiscal year. Budget is also prepared by some government organization. Budgeting process is the process of planning and decision between the time of issuance a budget and the next budget (Weetman, 2010). The steps of budgeting process followed by the Uniform Ltd are as follows: The company asses the actual and estimated figures of the budget of previous year for developing the next budget. The company should focus and identify the needs and objectives for the future period. Certain things are needed to identify and evaluate by the organization such forecasts of revenue, current trends and risk associated. Current trends are the changes in business operation such as spending, staffing level and business volume. It should ensure that the entire budget plan is to be developed in consistent format. It is to be ensured that the procedures and techniques would be implemented in the plan and actual expenses and cash inflows are to be monitored. Before developing the plan, the budget proposals are approved by the responsible person for reviewing. The company should follow the local rules and policies to develop the budget proposals and the full package of budget proposal should cover the organizational objectives. Advantages of Budget for the Uniform Ltd Planning orientation Budget is prepared from the short-term view or daily-to-daily business operation. But it also tries to emphasize on the long-term thinking. So, the main objective of the budget is to plan for future. The objective of the budgeting still work though the management of the organization fails to achieve the goal according to the outline of the budget because it focuses at least on the competitive and financial position of the organization and on the improvement. Assumption Review The process of budgeting helps to identify the objective of business and also to assume the key things regarding the business environment. It these issues are re-evaluated time-to-time, the assumptions will also alter. Performance Evaluation The performance of the worker can evaluated through budget. The company set the goals for a budgeting period and can also promise to pay the bonuses and incentives according to their performance. After comparing the budget and actual report, it can be appraised the performance regarding the progressing to meet their goals. Cash Allocation If there is limited cash available for the investment in fixed and working capital, the procedure of budgeting is very much important to determine the most worthy assets which are required to invest in business operation. Bottleneck Analysis Budgeting process also creates focus on the bottleneck whether to increase the capacity or to shift work. PART B Amount 000 Calculation of Payback Option A Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Cash Flow -1320 990 660 495 330 330 Cumulative Cash Flow -1320 -330 330 825 1155 1485 Payback Period (year) 1.5 Option B Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Cash Flow -1650 578 660 825 1073 1155 Cumulative Cash Flow -1650 -1072 -412 413 1486 2641 Payback Period (year) 2.5 According to the payback period, Victorplc should select Option A because it has lower payback period i.e. 1.5 years. Calculation of ARR Option A Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Initial Investment -1320 Cash In Flow 726 396 231 66 66 Average Accounting Income 297 ARR 23% Option B Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Initial Investment -1650 Cash In Flow 248 330 495 743 825 Average Accounting Income 528.2 ARR 32% Option B has highest ARR i.e. 32%. So, it can give more annual income. Therefore, the company should select Option B. Calculation of NPV Option A Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Cash Outflow -1320 Cash Inflow 990 660 495 330 330 Discount Rate 15% 0.8695 0.7561 0.6575 0.5717 0.4972 Present Value 860.87 499.05 325.47 188.68 164.07 Total Present Value 2038.14 Net Present Value 718.14 Option B Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Cash Outflow -1650 Cash Inflow 578 660 825 1073 1155 Discount Rate 15% 0.8696 0.7561 0.6575 0.5717 0.4972 Present Value 502.61 499.05 542.45 613.49 574.24 Total Present Value 2731.84 Net Present Value 1081.84 Option B has NPV more than the Option a i.e. 1081840. So, option B should be selected. Calculation of IRR Option A Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Cash Flow -1320 990 660 495 330 330 IRR 43% Option B Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Cash Flow -1650 578 660 825 1073 1155 IRR 37% The IRR of Option A is more than the Option B i.e. 43%. Therefore, the company should select Option B. Recommendation according to the various appraisal method Playback Period Payback period is calculated to find out the span of time needed to recover the cost of investment (Daly and Barkakati, 2010). According to that the decision is taken whether to undertake the project or not. Longer the payback period is not suitable for investment. When two or more projects are considered in capital budgeting, the project having shortest payback period is accepted because it can recover the initial investment of project quickly Strengths According to Payback period approach, all the cash flows are forecasted from the project which it will earn in future. The period of recovering the cost of project is calculated. This method is usually applied by the business to set a limit of time within which the cost should be recovered. The one of the important advantage of Payback period is that it is simple to calculate. Under this method, it is not required like other methods of capital budgeting to convert all the expected cash flows into present value adjusting the discounting factor. The calculation is straightforward. All the expected cash flows are added and then the initial cost of the project is subtracted from that. The payback period method is associated with the short time prospect. This approach implies that the project will generate cash shortly and the initial cost will recovered within the shortest time. So, the risk is lower. Weaknesses Payback period method does not consider time value of money. Discounting factor is not applied to discount the expected cash inflows. But, in real economy, the value money is affected by the time. The cash flows are expected to earn but the value is expected for future may be less in present time. Also, the inflation is not adjusted in this approach. But, the inflation has greater impact on economy. The risk of recovering cost is minimized by this method. The risk is less for short-term oriented project. But, the risk is more for long-term oriented project. The organization may earn more return from a high risky project. According to Payback period method, the project having short payback period is better for the investment. The organization can earn any other benefits after the end of payback period which is ignored by this method. So, it does not measure profitability. If the organization a short time limit, it may miss the future benefits of the project. Accounting Rate of Return ARR determines the annual income that can be earned from the project (Marlowe et al., 2009). For the calculation of ARR, average accounting income is divided by the average investment of the project. If ARR is same to or more than the required rate of return, the project is selected. In the situation of mutually exclusive, the project with highest ARR is selected. Advantages ARR is also simple to calculate like payback period method. ARR considers the profitability factor. Disadvantages Likewise Payback period, it also does not consider time value of money. The calculation of ARR can be done in various ways. Consistency is the problem of ARR. In ARR method, accounting is used except the cash flow. If the maintenance costs of a project are high, it is not perfect for the investment because cash inflows influence the viability. NPV Net Present Value is the current value of future cash flows expected from an investment option including residual value, if any, less the initial outlay of the project (Peterson and Fabozzi, 2002). In capital budgeting, the profitability of an investment option is measured by the NPV. It is one of the most reliable methods because time value of money is adjusted by using discounted cash inflows. To calculate the NPV, first the expected cash inflows are converted into present value with discounting factor. The net cash flows may be equal or may different. If they are equal, annuity formula is used to calculate the present value. In case of different cash flows, all the cash inflows are converted in present value individually. Strengths The strength of the Net Present Value is NPV always gives importance to the value of money in respect to time. NPV always calculate the cash inflow of the present value. In Net Present Value, it calculates both the cash flow to find out whether to invest in the project or not. The Net Present Value always gives high priority to the profitability (Pike and Neale, 2009). If the financial analyst calculate and found that the project return is less, the financial analyst will not allow investing in that project. It also gives high priority to the risk factor of the project. Limitation The cash flows for the future are estimated and it may different from the actual figures (Wyatt, 2012). It is the main drawback of NPV. This is due to the assumption of discounting rate. The use of Net Present Value is very difficult. In the Net Present Value, it is very difficult to find the accurate discount rate. The Net Present Value sometimes does not give the correct calculation, when the life of the project is unequal. IRR It is known that IRR can be employed if the company knows the investment cost and annual cash flows. Therefore, the company can determine the accurate rate of earnings that can deliver the expected return at some point of time that is five years. The company, Victorplc by applying IRR can disclose the high rate of return that can be generated from the project. Apart from that, the company need to study the market condition to whether the market feasible for the production of proposed project or not. The market will let know about the cost of raw materials, labour cost, numbers of competitors, etc. Therefore, it will help the company to take effective decision and gain much expected higher benefit from the project. On the other side, in order to improve the analysis, the company may need to acknowledge all the cost related to building cost, installation cost, raw material cost, manufacturing cost, etc so that exact return can be evaluated in order to be sure that production of the mac hines can ensure expected return. Moreover, in accounting IRR methods, the company need to determine the value of cash flow after tax so that exact valuation can be identified and ensuring effective return rate (Berk and DeMarzo, 2009). Apart from that, cash flow analysis can be useful in analysing decision. The company may need to estimate the cash outflow that is expenditure and also the cash inflows that is revenue which will help in analysing the net cash that may be available in the project. Therefore, the company can be able to take decision on the available projects. Recommendation It is known that investment decision technique is effective for any business to take identify the project that can ensure high return. Therefore, in order to analyse the decision two capital budgeting techniques has been used that are discounting method which relate with the Net Present Value and the non-discounting method which relate to Pay Back period (Pogue, 2010). The discounted method is effective in determining the stock value and the also provide details that how much company can accumulate cash after meeting all financial obligations. Apart from that, non-discounted method can be too effective in analysing the project decisions and the company can be able to know the expected time period to recover the invested amount. On the other hand, both the capital budgeting methods comprises some strengths and weakness that can be related with the investment decision. Therefore, the company may need to consider the major weakness before making up any decision so that higher benefit ca n be received and increasing cost can be controlled. Thus, the strength and limitation of the payback will be discussed along with the strength and restriction of net present value so that extracted analysis can be improved. In case of independent project or a single conventional project both IRR and NPV provide same indicator about whether to accept or reject the project (Smart, Megginson and Graham, 2010). But the conflict arises for mutually exclusive project. It can be observed that one project higher NPV while the other has a higher IRR. The relative size of the project and the cash flows distribution of project are different. So, the conflict arises. When facing such situation, the higher NPV project should be accepted because NPV is an absolute measure (Watson and Head, 2011). Through NPV, the investment options can be ranked in terms of exact monetary value. According IRR, the investment options can be ranked in terms of best investment return. So, it is a relative measure. On the other hand, firm or organization can employ Internal Rate Return (IRR) to avoid the drawback of NPV which arises due to discounting factor. So, for the budgetary process, organization needs use both NPV and IRR as inves tment appraisal process. References Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2009). Corporate finance. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education. Bhimani, A. (2012). Management and cost accounting. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Daly, K. and Barkakati, N. (2010). Financial management systems. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Govt. Accountability Office. Drury, C. (2012). Management and cost accounting. Andover: Cengage Learning. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2009). Advances in management accounting. Bingley: Emerald Pub. Fields, E. (2011). The essentials of finance and accounting for nonfinancial managers. New York: American Management Association. Horngren, C. (2011). Introduction to management accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Marlowe, J., Rivenbark, W., Vogt, A. and Vogt, A. (2009). Capital budgeting and finance. [Washington, D.C.]: ICMA Press. Peterson, P. and Fabozzi, F. (2002). Capital budgeting. New York, NY: Wiley. Pike, R. and Neale, B. (2009). Corporate finance and investment. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Pogue, M. (2010). Corporate investment decisions. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. Seal, W., Garrison, R. and Noreen, E. (2009). Management accounting. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill. Seal, W., Garrison, R. and Noreen, E. (2012). Management accounting. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Shim, J. and Siegel, J. (2009). Budgeting basics and beyond. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Smart, S., Megginson, W. and Graham, J. (2010). Financial management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Watson, D. and Head, A. (2011). Corporate finance. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Weetman, P. (2010). Management accounting. Harlow, Essex, England New York: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Wilks, C. and Burke, L. (2008). Management accounting - decision management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/CIMA. Wyatt, N. (2012). The financial times essential guide to budgeting and forecasting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Young, S. (2012). Readings in management accounting. Boston: Prentice Hall.

The Marketing Concept

Abstract The marketing concept remains a fundamental parameter of marketing that makes organizations meet the needs and wants of their customers thereby surviving and flourishing in the dynamic market. Organizations should treat customers as Kings that is giving them the first priority in all their activities. In laying marketing strategies, organizations ought to consider the tastes and preferences of their customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Marketing Concept specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This will enable them to produce services and goods that fit into the customers’ bracket of needs and wants. If this process continues, customers’ satisfaction will be assured leading to attraction and maintenance of customers. Since most firms target profit maximization as their main objective, they will also meet the set objectives in the end thus gaining competitive advantage over their competito rs in the marketing environment. This essay will analyse the relationships that exist between satisfaction of customers’ needs and the organizational needs. It will analyse the marketing concept form a historical perspective and analyse the elements that an organization can do to satisfy its customers. In marketing, customers are the most vital aspect since the main objective is to satisfy their needs. The entire organization should understand and uphold the marketing concept as it is not a single domain of the marketing department (Bell, 2010, p. 27). Success in businesses requires an inclusive approach from all the departments. Every manager and employee should put the customer’s needs and satisfaction in the frontline. The marketing concept and philosophy is involved in product, selling and marketing. Product philosophy enables the organization to know what it can produce and what it cannot produce. It can put emphasis on high quality products with low cost of produ ction. This philosophy does not lead to poor sales; instead, it creates more market for products made than before. During the industrial revolution, the production was extremely low as goods were made using hands, but the goods were still marketed. Customer’s satisfaction was extremely low because of low and slow production that led to low market. Currently, there is mass production, but it has not covered all customers’ satisfaction.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, it has created economies of scale thereby leading to low cost of production and low price of goods (Hooley et al., 1995, p. 10). This implies that the production philosophy can work in a newly established industry. According to Henry Ford, different colour of products can increase the cost of production, which leads to more market. He argued that to get more customers, one should lower pric es for goods (Cochran, 2003, p. 15). During the Industrial revolution, there was an increase in the volume of products; this prompted the need for a marketing department that will focus on selling of the goods. Increase in supply and production brought to an end the surplus production leading to advertising and personal selling to reduce inventories and increase sales. Additionally, it enables the organization to focus on the production work, and sell whatever property they produce. Nevertheless, distributing goods according to the consumer’s preference is easier. Further, a good sales department cannot meet the needs of all customers since the customers have many choices. It struggles to make the organization understand the customers before designing and making products. When needs and wants of customers are included in the production work, the organization will increase sales since they will meet the customer’s preference thereby maximizing its profit. The management in organizations should be skilful in order to understand their customers, as this is the key to quality service provision (Cochran, 2003, p. 17). In environmental scanning and forecasting, firms should be able to foresee the needs of their customers. This approach will help organizations meet and exceed the expectations of their customers. In addition, organizations that understand the needs of their customers will be able to alter their services and goods in line with the customers’ change in tastes and preferences in future.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Marketing Concept specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They can do this without any challenge of reorganization or loss since they keep continuous contact with their customers. Markedly, continuous contact with customers requires an attentive management that can listen to complains that customers raise and reward perennial ones; this increases their loyalty to the business. Major business organizational units aim at surviving in the market. How a firm manages its working capital determines its financial health or status. Strategic working capital policies should be available to ensure that the firm will make profit even during a financial crisis. This management helps to generate new capital to settle future debts. A good management of working capital can also make it possible for firms to engage in risky ventures, which have huge returns (McClelland, 1995, p. 97). Therefore, it encourages investment options that can fully satisfy the needs of the customers. Secondly, organizations target growth and development of their internal services in terms of institutional and professional competency, innovations in products and services and customer growth. Firms also aim at fostering strong relationships among its external networks. Lastly, another organizational need is serving and uplifting all its stakeholders; for instance, an org anization can engage in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to make changes in the world. It can also encourage its employees to work towards achieving their life objectives through continuous training on life skills. Customers will also like an organization that educates them on the content of various products and how to use them. For organizations to understand their customers, they should try to be in the customers’ shoes, use various organizational data, or even ask the customers on what they think on productivity and service provision. Using the Customer Relationship Management system (CRM) can assist firms to understand the needs of their customers. This data shows how customers take orders and how quick the company delivers these orders. CRM systems contain information on consumer behaviours and preferences that can help an organization to identify various needs of its customers’ thereby increasing profitability (Mckitterick, 2000, p. 21). If an organization u tilizes this data carefully, it can improve in customer satisfaction and retention.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A customer survey can also be helpful to an organization that is interested in meeting the needs and wants of its customers. In engaging customers in a satisfaction survey, they feel more valued than in another firm that does not inquire on their views and contributions. Notably, a firm can gain meaningful insights if it goes ahead to inculcate the views of customers when making improvements or changes in their services. Such a scenario will increase customers’ loyalty, which makes it easier for the firm to understand the needs of these customers hence tailor its products towards satisfying these needs. Evidently, such a marketing strategy will alter the performance of a firm since the customers will be able to inform the organization of the behaviours that they feel should be altered. For instance, customers can inform the organization of bad behaviours among its staff only if they are close to the management. If the management can proactively consult its customers, it will be able to correct its wrong doings that could have caused dissatisfaction to customers. Moreover, an organization can opt to be in its customer’s shoes. In this manner, the management will study the points at which the customers access the enterprise. Some of these points include deliveries, phone calls, and correspondence; the management should scrutinize if there is immediate responses to phone calls and the friendliness of its receptionists. The slowness in handling customers’ complains coupled with the arrogance of the receptionist can be the reason behind customers’ dissatisfaction. To avoid losing customers, the management should try to put the interest of its customers at the forefront by addressing their complaints promptly (Mckitterick, 2000, p. 23). Further, the firm should deliver on it promises and even surpass the customers’ targets. All the departments in an organization should focus on surpassing the expectations of the customers. Understa nding the customers remains a secret that businesses can use in identifying the needs and wants of its customers thereby enhancing satisfaction among the customers. Markedly, a firm will realize and surpass its organizational goals of continuous expansion and growth in the market with continuous loyalty of customers. In meeting the customers’ needs, businesses should design products and services that are affordable, attractive, work well and always available. They also engage in product promotion to alert consumers on the existence of their products hence encouraging them to purchase the products. In the current market, customers tend to adopt the new technological systems such as online shopping. An organization should upgrade its information management system in order to be in line with the requirements of the customers. First, organizations with updated Information Management (IM) have all their data well managed in the systems. This information management fosters growth, as it reduces the cost of operation (Bhatt, 2010). Organizations can develop websites that can promote communication. For example, pizza companies have designed a website where their customers can order their own pizzas from the stores. Since organizations handle large volumes of data, there is the need to employ the Information Technology in ensuring proper data storage. Organizations handle clients’ data, employees’ data, managerial data, suppliers, and procurements data amongst others. There is the need to align these pieces of information for easy access by the prospective owners and the organization. This is where the Information management is applicable. Research has revealed that businesses that have a well-organized and managed data improve customer satisfaction minimize cost on IT thus increase revenue and realize improvement on operational efficiency. Further, a properly managed IM eliminates decisions based on assumptions as the information can be retrieved within the shortest time possible; it enables organizations understands their customers’ behaviours and preferences. This enables organizations to serve their clients well and even retain most of them (Bhatt, 2010). IM also increases efficiency as customer care agents can access clients’ data at an instant. Business outlets are inculcating technological modifications into their systems in order to increase their efficiency and reduce the cost of operation. Organizations should use specifications or approaches that they can undertake. Remarkably, the success of Information Management depends on their alignment and integration with the Human Resource (HR) and organization’s objectives. Clearly, an organization that tends to meet the meet the needs of its customers will actually meet its strategic goals and objectives. The customer service department in an organization can assist in attracting, serving, and retaining customers by applying proper knowledge managemen t techniques. Knowledge Management (KM) can assist a firm to predict the future behaviour of its customers in terms of their tastes and preferences. Therefore, KM and environmental forecasting can help a firm to save on the cost of production; therefore, it can direct these funds in expanding its services to occupy large market area (Pride Ferrell, 2002, p. 45). Such a firm will avoid wastage on producing goods or services that will not receive positive market response. Understanding the needs of customers is the job of all departments in an organization. From the above analysis, businesses should put more resources on researches that aim at learning the needs of their customers. Customers remain the epicentre of all businesses since without them, no transaction will occur. Organizations should pay immense attention to the behaviour and complaints of their customers to ensure continuity. An organization that is updated on technology, provides a variety of products, and interacts fr eely with its customers will satisfy the needs of its customers. This act will increase profitability of the organization. The firm will use the profit to expand its services and invest in other risky, but profitable ventures. Therefore, organizations that align their strategic objectives towards customers’ satisfaction will achieve their missions. References Bell, M. L. (2010). Marketing; Concepts and Strategy. University of Minnesota: Houghton Mifflin. Bhatt, Y. (2010, March 1). Information Management: A Key for Creating Business Value. The Data Administration Newsletter – TDAN.com. Retrieved from http://tdan.com/information-management-a-key-for-creating-business-value/12829 Cochran, C. (2003). Customer satisfaction: tools, techniques, and formulas for success. Chico, Calif.: Paton Press. Hooley, G. J., Lynch, J. E., Shepherd, J. (1995). The Marketing Concept: Putting the Theory into Practice. European Journal of Marketing, 24(9), 7-24. Web. McClelland, S. B. (1995) . Organizational Needs Assessments: Design, Facilitating and Analysis. Atlanta: Greenwood Publishing Group. Mckitterick, J. (2000). What is the Marketing Management Concept?. Chicago: Houghton Mifflin. Pride, W., Ferrell, O. C. (2002). Marketing: Concept and Strategies. Abingdon: Deep Deep Publications. This essay on The Marketing Concept was written and submitted by user Fernanda R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.